The history of cultivated roses goes back thousands of years. According to fossil evidence, the roses have been around for about 35 million years. The genus Rosa has about 150 species spread throughout the world.
Wild roses are hardy and adaptable plants that grow in conditions ranging from wetlands to dry areas, and may tolerate extreme climates of the northern hemisphere. Alberta, a province of Canada where winter temperatures often reach 40 degrees, the provincial flower is the wild rose, a wild variety of small size, with dark pink flowers and a delicate aroma.
Domestic cultivation of roses began over 5,000 years in China. Wreaths of Damask, such as roses have been found in Egyptian tombs. The frescoes of the roses of the Minoan Crete show. Roses are widely grown in the Middle East for Roman times, its leaves used as confetti at celebrations, for medicinal purposes and perfumes. Roman nobility maintained public rose gardens in the south of Rome, where they used hot houses "force" roses in bloom at the right time, and roses imported from Egypt. After the fall of the Roman Empire rose cultivation spread throughout Europe.
European roses are classified as Albas, Centifolia, apricots, Perpetuals Damask, Gallica, and mosses. Mainstream Oriental Roses are China and tea roses. The European varieties, with the exception of the perpetual damask, have a season of flowers per year, while the eastern flower or less continuously.
England is the country most associated with the cultivation of roses. The moist, mild climate combined with the cloudy weather produces the best color perenially roses, which tend to have "bleached" the colors of bright sunlight. English beautiful women are often described as the English roses.
Roses feature widely in the British historical symbolism, and many family coats of arms of roses function. In heraldry, the rose is the symbol the seventh son, hope and joy. A red rose symbolizes grace, beauty Key, a white rose, hope and faith.
In the Middle Ages, preserved roses use in public and religious holidays, and is also in the medicinal garden. Its use in herbal medicine as well as a demand for the fragrance industry led to a distillation of rose essence, which still has economic importance in parts of Europe such as Bulgaria.
The fifteenth century "War of the Roses" was so named because the factions of York and Lancaster were symbolized by red and white roses, respectively.
During the sixteenth century, roses and rose water is valued both were used as barter for goods.
With the rise of mercantilism during the Renaissance, the horticultural trade flourished. Due to its fleet of commerce, The Dutch were leaders in trade of tulips, hyacinths, carnations and roses of course.
The eighteenth century also saw great progress in growing roses generalization growing roses from seed rather than just the propagation of cuttings. The varieties of roses have quickly expanded from just a few dozen to one or two hundred. In addition, a new group, the Centifolia, was created by Dutch breeders.
In 1800, Napoleon's wife, Josephine had a big garden of roses at Chateau de Malmaison, an estate seven miles west of Paris. The botanical artist Pierre Joseph Redoute used this garden as scene of his famous collection of 1824 botanical watercolor painting "Les Roses". Josephine French imperial patronage also provided several selectors in particular, Dupont and Descemet who developed hundreds of new cultivars of the European Union increased the groups.
The large, spectacular roses seen in the Flower fairs today are derived from varieties introduced from China to Europe in the eighteenth century. These plants were continuous bloomers, making them unusual and of great value to the hybridization plant. These roses mixed with existing European roses to produce plants with both resistance and long bloom season.
In 1830, growers experienced intensively with the Oriental and European roses cross. Due to the fact that the trait is recessive repeat flowering, the first generation of offspring according the number of repeat-flowering roses Bloom is a single flower. However, as these intersect with each other and back to the eastern and indigenous Europeans, repeat flowering hybrids emerge. In the 1840s many new varieties are made called "hybrid perpetual" for its continued flourishing. These cultivars occurred in all colors and shapes, were all at least a little reblooming, and tough enough to withstand the climate of northern Europe. The interest in the varieties decreased Original roses, unless a sentimental relic increased interest fans. The striking new artificial hybrids are now like the flower show, standard of what a rose should look like.
About the Author:
J Shipper is interested in roses – The Life of Luxury`
Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – What You Don’t Know About Roses
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